“Health Disparities” in Uninsured Americans Essay

As indicated by (Kilbourne, Switzer and Fine, (2006), Health inconsistencies are noteworthy contrasts that are required and seen clinically and measurably in medicinal services and wellbeing results. These contrasts between gatherings of individuals can influence how frequently an illness(disease) have bunch influences, the quantity of individuals who have become ill and how often do this specific malady or issue winds up with death happening. There are various populaces that can be influenced by wellbeing variations. ( Felton, (2013). A portion of these distinctions are: Ethnic and racial minorities Provincial zone inhabitants The old, kids and ladies Individuals with inabilities. (Medline Plus.com., (2013). Wellbeing uniqueness can likewise be characterized as contrasts of populaces in social insurance get to, ecological exposures, wellbeing status, quality or usage and results including your wellbeing. Wellbeing inconsistencies are connected for the most part to social issues and human services frameworks. The overall web coming in presence in the mid †1990’s likewise can prompt wellbeing abberations since some ethnic gatherings would not have the option to bear the cost of the web. One of the destinations of Healthy People 2010 was to give more internet providers to the home. (Gibbons, (2005). Since this investigation will be a quantitative report it will concentrate on the all out number of uninsured or underinsured Americans who didn’t have medical coverage before the finish of 2012. Another focal point of this examination will be concocting potential answers for this developing pattern in human services. In this investigation we will likewise look to find how the uninsured or underinsured people or families are being affected emphatically and adversely by picking up input from these people. There are a few different ways to get this input for this investigation wherein we will direct reviews and polls to find the solutions we need. These ways are: the reasons why they don't have protection to decide how this may influence their entrance to mind, to decide if the expense of care is legitimately influencing the motivation behind why these people may not be guaranteed and in this investigation we have to attempt to discover the issues, think of arrangements and search for approaches to dispose of any boundaries to people with the goal that they can discover moderate social insurance strategies. Since the Affordable Care Act of 2010 is essentially we have to concentrate how the presentation of another medicinal services law to absolutely supplant the social insurance framework that has been set up for a considerable length of time will impact uninsured and underinsured Americans. As indicated by the article by (parkdatabase.org.,(2012). For the overviews we will lead our study tests will be originating from guys and femalesâ who are American residents, all races or ethnic gatherings, 200 members will be similarly separated by sexual orientation. So as to cover a wide assortment of individuals that are being affected by wellbeing inconsistencies in quantitative research as a rule will require a huge example size so as to measure the exploration. (Felton, 2013). Foundation of the Study There are a few factors that consolidate populaces to impact someone’s wellbeing and wellbeing status which results into wellbeing divergence. As indicated by the Healthcare Fairness Act of 2000 House Resolution #3250, populaces that have wellbeing inconsistencies experience the ill effects of numbers that are noteworthy as it identifies with the all out pace of occurrence of infection, mortality, endurance and grimness when contrasted with the populace by and large. The most contributing component to wellbeing differences frequently referenced when viewed in the United States populace is Socioeconomic status (SES). Different components identified with wellbeing abberations include: physical and social condition, way of life, working and day to day environments, and network and informal organizations. Financial status can be characterized as how people, families, families, and totals and evaluation contracts as it identifies with the size to devour or make merchandise that our general public qualities. (Shavers, (2007). The nature of medicinal services experienced by our patients might be identified with issues of divergence, socio-ecological determinants of wellbeing, practice variety, and unacceptable of care as logical proof appeared to appear by the late 1990’s. (Gibbons,(2005). Since Disparities in the United States can be brought about by rather a blend that is mind boggling, noteworthy injury interweaved with issues with access alongside efficient quality. Wellbeing inconsistencies have numerous sides which incorporate ethnicity, status, geology and race. For policymakers it is basically essential to offer significance to the issue in the right method to ensure any arrangements that are objective related will have the option to address the arrangements came to. The objective is to give wellbeing security to everybody regardless of what your financial characters are. Despite the fact that the United States objective is to totally get freed healthâ disparities there will be endeavors to turn into a piece of a more extensive exertion to change social insurance and thusly, there must be center around improving the nature of care conveyed to patients exclusively above all else. (Frist, (2005). We would now be able to pose the inquiry, Why the investigation of wellbeing difference ought to be sought after and for whom is the examination imperative to? The investigation of wellbeing divergence ought to be sought after in such a case that nothing else except for to decide whether the examination into wellbeing dissimilarity will show any distinctions in hierarchical highlights that are explicit. Moreover the possibility that hierarchical components may assume a huge job in wellbeing uniqueness has realized all the more a profound research on the job of authoritative procedures that are variable when you look over the treatment setting. (Kilbourne, Switzer and Fine, (2006), Reason for the Statement The reason for this investigation will be to test the system that is applied that will cover wellbeing differences in 3 stages. Recognition Decreasing as well as Eliminating Understanding The study will incorporate 200 male and female partitioned similarly on uninsured Americans grown-ups 18 years and more established to pick up input on why they don't have medical coverage. (Felton, 2013). Feasible Research Questions and Hypotheses What job if in any case access to mind legitimately influenced your wellbeing status since you don’t have medical coverage? How has the expense of human services influenced you separately, your familiesâ health status in view of no medical coverage? How would you figure your wellbeing status would change in the event that you could bear the cost of medical coverage? Do you think the new medicinal services law will emphatically or adversely influence your capacity to buy health care coverage? What variables do you accept are legitimately connected with the uninsured status as it identifies with medical coverage get to? (Felton, (2013). Theories Having no medical coverage is legitimately affecting my entrance to mind. Likewise the expense of care while having no medical coverage is straightforwardly influencing my general wellbeing of me just as my family. Additionally, on the off chance that I had no expense for medical coverage or minimal effort this would decidedly influence my wellbeing status just as my family. With the Affordable Care Act of 2010 halfway implemented, how would you accept this law will be straightforwardly connected with your uninsured status with regards to access to medical coverage. (Felton, 2013). Nature of the Study Structure The qualities of Experimental Designs look into as indicated by the course book, (Frankfort-Nachmias, and Nachmias, (2008), structures starts with the comprehension of the 4 parts of research plan which are: _comparison(correlation of two factors), manipulation(control over), control, (evacuation of different components(, and generalization(different settings, bigger populaces can be use)._ (Frankfort-Nachmias, and Nachmias, (2008). The qualities of exploratory plans is it will enable a scientist to comprehend the rationale behind all other research plans, another quality is that an examination allows the analyst to researcher and draw derivations that are easygoing with less trouble regardless of what sort of factor is utilized and it permits specialists to have the option to comprehend other plan confinements. (Felton, (2013). As indicated by the creator,( Bhattacherjee, (2012). The restrictions of Experimental Design research can be in the realm of experimentation, the circumstance in reality may not generally relate, in circumstances where you need to haphazardly dole out the people to bunches this might be unimaginable and deceptive and another confinement would dispose of factors that are superfluous may not be conceivable. (Felton, 2013). As per course reading by, (Frankfort-Nachmias, and Nachmias, (2008). At the point when I consider the quantitative research plan I am creating and my examination questions, speculations, and factors, I would suggest the exemplary test structure for inquire about. The explanation is my examination plan includes, â€Å"Health Disparities,† which is a subject that can address a few explicit gatherings whether it be founded on race, sexual orientation, protected, uninsured. In the exemplary exploratory research structure as the specialist you do have more power over the inborn and outward factors for your examination which is a preferred position for me. Likewise in test plan it permits the analyst to have control to acquaint the variable that free with assistance figure out which course the causation is being directed to. Since Health Disparities should cover a few zones so as to be compelling I feel that exploratory research configuration offers me the most obvious opportunity with regards to arriving at the objective of my examination which are three stages: 1. Recognition, 2. Comprehension of the issue and 3. disposing of or taking out wellbeing differences all together. ( Felton, 2013). Since there are such a large number of issues that are influencing â€Å"Health Disparities in our present reality, I believe I have to pick an examination configuration plan that offers adaptability to the analysts which permits them to appropriately inquire about theâ issue, see all sides to the issues to help think of legitimate and moral ends. Additionally, since I need to focu

Tips on How to Write an Essay About a Person

Tips on How to Write an Essay About a PersonHow to write an essay about a person is something that almost every student has in mind when they are planning to start an education. It is not only a demanding topic but it can also be quite a difficult one, as well.Writing is probably the most critical of all the disciplines that are associated with learning to become a successful adult. This is because the very purpose of learning how to write an essay about a person is to be able to communicate effectively and confidently to others. Of course, this does not only apply to writing, but also to any other process that is involved in learning how to achieve success.The best way to know how to write an essay about a person is to make sure that the essay is as accurate as possible. There are many different ways to ensure that the person you are writing for is actually human, or at least a non-tangible representation of the topic. If the writing can reflect their appearance, voice, behavior, pe rsonality, emotions, or any other detail that reflects their true essence, then you have done it right.Before you even begin your essay, it is necessary to do some research into the subject matter and the person in question. This will help you better understand their personal characteristics and why they are the way they are. This will allow you to make more accurate predictions about the person and allow you to make the subject more interesting to read.Another way to ensure that you are on the right subject is to speak to the person personally and get a sense of their personality. By being able to figure out who they are on the inside, you will be able to write a more effective essay. The kind of interaction that you have with them will serve as a guide to what is best to write about.One very important thing to remember when writing about people is that they are all unique. There is no single way to represent each one. Some people are introverted, some talk a lot, some are introver ted, and so on. You will need to be able to figure out how to include the aspects of all these different personalities in your essay.Also, you should be aware that if you are going to write about someone's life, it is imperative that you include facts that are not classified as fiction. This includes things like events that had taken place in the past, as well as childhood memories. Be as accurate as possible so that your essay can convey the actual life of the person being discussed.These are just a few tips on how to write an essay about a person. It is important to remember that no matter who you are writing about, there is bound to be some detail that you can include in your piece. Hopefully, this article has given you some good insight into the topic.

How Reuptake Inhibitor Drugs Work in Different Ways

How Reuptake Inhibitor Drugs Work in Different Ways Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Print How Reuptake Inhibitor Drugs Work in Different Ways By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on October 20, 2019 Joe Raedle/Getty Images More in Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Symptoms Diagnosis Remembering the names of certain drugs can be difficult enough, but making sense of drug anagrams can be downright confusing, especially if they are meant to treat the same condition. Such is the case with a class of drugs known as reuptake inhibitors used to treat depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric conditions. There many types of reuptake inhibitor which belong to one of five classes of drug: Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs)Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs)Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (SNDRIs) While the drugs all have similar mechanisms of actionâ€"namely to increase the concentration of certain brain chemicals, known  as  neurotransmitters, to alter moodsâ€"they differ in the types of neurotransmitter they target.?? To understand how reuptake inhibitors work, you need to get a better sense of what neurotransmitters actually do. Types of Neurotransmitter A neurotransmitter is a chemical secreted by a nerve cell at the behest of a nerve impulse which is then absorbed by an adjacent cell, thereby transferring the nerve impulse. The adjacent cell might be a nerve cell, which passes the chemical message along a nerve pathway, or other cells (such as muscle cells), which act upon the instructions of the chemical message. For the purpose of treating mood disorders, three specific neurotransmitters are targeted,?? each of which is associated with mood elevation: Dopamine plays a central role in reward-motivated behavior by stimulating the emotional desire for a reward in the form of pleasure.Norepinephrine works by mobilizing the brain and body for action, increasing alertness, focus, and the retrieval of memory.Serotonin  plays a regulatory role in moods, social behavior, appetite, sleep, memory, sexual desire, and sexual function. It is strongly believed that low levels of these neurotransmitters (or the lack of cellular receptors able to receive the messages) is at the heart of why mood disorders exist. Moreover, depending on which neurotransmitters or neuroreceptors are low, the type and severity of mood disorder can differ. Understanding Reuptake Inhibitors NRIs, NDRIs, SSRIs, SNRIs, and SNDRIs are all reuptake inhibitors. They work by blocking the reabsorption (reuptake) of a specific neurotransmitter after it has been excreted from a nerve cell.?? Reuptake is a normal mechanism by which the body controls how long a nerve signal lasts. However, if you have significantly low levels of a neurotransmitter, reuptake can be a problem as it restricts the volume of neurotransmitters being actively circulated in the brain.   To this end, inhibiting the reuptake increases their extracellular concentrations of these chemicals?? and, by doing so, increases their ability to exert positive effects on your mood. Types of Reuptake Inhibitor The reuptake inhibitors used to treat mood disorders are classified by the types of neurotransmitter pathway they block. The drugs are able to do this by binding one or several different proteins, called transporters, which are responsible for carrying the chemical between cells. Some of these reuptake inhibitors are classified as selective because they only bind to certain proteins, while others are nonspecific because they bind to a broad range  of proteins. The choice of reuptake inhibitor depends largely on the condition being treated and the mechanism of action of the drug. Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (NRIs) NRIs work by blocking the action of the norepinephrine transporter (NET). NRIs are commonly used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety, panic disorder, narcolepsy, and ADHD.?? NRI medications approved for use in the U.S. include: Ludiomil (maprotiline), used to treat depression and anxietyStrattera (atomoxetine), used primarily to treat ADHDVivalan (viloxazine), used to treat narcolepsy Norepinephrine-Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors (NDRIs) NDRIs block the action of both the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and the dopamine transporter (DAT). NDRIs are used for clinical depression, ADHD??, and narcolepsy. NDRI medications approved for use in the U.S. include: Focalin (dexmethylphenidate), used to treat ADHD and depressionRitalin (methylphenidate), used to treat ADHDWellbutrin (bupropion), used off-label to treat ADHD Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) SSRIs work by limiting, rather than blocking, the serotonin transporter (SERT). They are typically used to treat MDD and anxiety disorders.?? While SSRIs are sometimes used to treat bipolar depression, there is some controversy as to how effective they are given their potential to exacerbate the rapid cycling of moods. SSRI medications approved for use in the U.S. include: Celexa (citalopram)Lexapro (escitalopram)Luvox (fluvoxamine)Paxil (paroxetine)Prozac (fluoxetine)Zoloft (sertraline) There is also a two-in-one drug called ?Symbyax which combines Prozac with the antipsychotic Zyprexa (fluoxetine olanzapine). Symbyax is specially approved for use in treating bipolar depression. Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) SNRIs block both the serotonin transporter (SERT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET). SNRIs can be used to treat bipolar depression, MDD, ADHD, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), chronic nerve pain, and fibromyalgia.?? When compared to SSRIs, SNRIs are less likely to exacerbate rapid mood cycling in people with bipolar depression. However, they are commonly used for short-term therapy as prolonged use may trigger a  manic  or  hypomanic  episode. SNRI medications approved for use in the U.S. include: Cymbalta (duloxetine), used for depression and chronic painFetzima (levomilnacipran), used to treat depressionPristiq (desvenlafaxine), used for depression and panic disorderSavella (milnacipran), used to treat fibromyalgia Serotonin-Norepinephrine-Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNDRIs) Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (SNDRIs), also known as triple reuptake inhibitors, blocks the action of the serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and dopamine transporter (DAT). SNDRIs were developed to treat depression but can also be used to treat ADHD, chronic pain, and binge-eating disorder associated with obesity.?? SNDRI medications approved for use in the U.S. include: Effexor (venlafaxine), used to treat major MDD, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, and social phobiaMazanor (mazindol), used as an appetite suppressantSerzone (nefazodone), used to treat depression Pseudobulbar Affect May Explain Uncontrollable Crying or Laughing

Professional And Personal Concern For Nurses - 1363 Words

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Although the hospital staffing crisis is a long drawn out problem, is intensifying as healthcare costs are increasing. Chen (2012) says, this problem may be worsening due to more hospital CEOs investing in advanced medical technologies and failing to pay attention to maintaining adequate staff levels. Corporate greed has seemed to have taken precedence over safe patient care as well. Chuck Idelson, a CNA representative, voiced this concern by telling In These Times, â€Å"The problems are systemic, primarily because the focus of the corporate giants that control most hospitals now is onShow MoreRelatedEthical Dilemmas Of The Healthcare Field1056 Words   |  5 PagesEveryday, healthcare professionals are faced with ethical dilemmas in their workplace. These ethical dilemmas need to be addressed in order to provide the best care for the patient. 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Comparative International Compensation - 1824 Words

Introduction Increasingly, today, globalization is a reality for organizations of almost any size. Only the smallest companies seem unaffected by the disappearance of global boundaries among organizations, markets, and people. Globalization has increased awareness of and concern for creating internationally equitable compensation systems in many companies. The complex nature of international compensation dictates that it receives special attention from organization operating in a multi-national environment. 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As Krugman points out, governments’ strategic trade policy intervention in free trade, through import restrictions or quotas, export subsidies, tariffs, and other trade interventions, have substantively moved international markets away from free tradeRea d MoreNotes On Economics And International Trade Theory1222 Words   |  5 PagesPrice: The quantity of payment or compensation given by one party to another in return for goods or services. 6. Absolute Advantage: An economy can produce a good for lower costs than another. It means that less resources are needed to produce the same amount of goods. 7. Comparative Advantage: The benefit or advantage of an economy to be able to produce a commodity at a lesser opportunity cost than other entities is referred to as comparative advantage in international trade theory. 8. Import: ARead MoreComparative Human Resource Analysis : Coca Cola And Pepsico1465 Words   |  6 Pages Comparative Human Resource Analysis: Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. Abhiram Satyadev Goldey Beacom College Course Name 02/16/2017 Table of Contents 1. Competition for Employees†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 2. Compensation of Employees†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 3. Legislation Concerning Employees.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...5 4. Human Relations Discussion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 5. Conclusions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 6. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Comparative HumanRead MoreThe Human Resource Management Strategy Essay1368 Words   |  6 PagesGoogles human resource management strategy maintains a compensation strategy that is very competitive. The compensation strategy focuses on addressing the interests of well performing employees at the company. The company’s career development program is designed in a way that ensures that all its employees are given considerable opportunities for their personal and professional career growth. This competitive compensation strategy and the career development programs which are very holistic enablesRead MoreEmployee Compensation And Benefits Package944 Words   |  4 PagesEmployee Compensation and Benefits Package The organization for which I am designing the compensation package is a company that offers internet solution to customers in the domestic US market and the global market. The position that I am hiring is that of a company secretary. The secretary will be required to work in the office of the human resource manager and will handle all the papered and paperless documentation. The position comes with numerous benefits and packages as outlined herein. AfterRead MoreThe Role Of Selection And Appointment Of The Party Leadership Team826 Words   |  4 Pages1985) argued the influence of selection and appointment of the Party leadership team both at the governmental and business levels. Von (Von Glinow Teagarden, 1988) proposed the transfer of western HRM to the joint ventures active in China. The compensation structure reforms (Shenkar Chow, 1989) and reforms related to the education system especially management and training were assessed (Warner, 1986; Borgonjon Vanhonacker, 1994) when the reforms were taking place; and how the policies of ChineseRead MoreInternational Human Resource Management. Introduction.1701 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Human Resource Management Introduction Human resource managers, outlines, directs and facilitates the regulatory elements of an association. They supervise the selecting, meeting, and contracting of new staff; counsel with top officials on the key Strategic obligation; and fill in as a connection between an association s administration and its workers. To flourish in the disorderly and turbulent business condition, firms need to always enhance and be â€Å"on the ball† regarding business

Night World The Chosen Chapter 13 Free Essays

string(30) " from under it automatically\." Rashel knew she had to stop the guard before he could make a sound. The vampires’ mansion was on the farther cliffs, overlooking open sea rather than the harbor, and the music ought to help drown outside noises-but the greatest danger was still that they would be heard before the girls could get away. She launched herself at the werewolf, throwing a front snap kick to his chest. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : The Chosen Chapter 13 or any similar topic only for you Order Now She could hear the air whoosh out as he fell backward. Good. No breath for howling. She landed with both knees on top of him. â€Å"This is silver,† she hissed, pressing the blade against his throat. â€Å"Don’t make a noise or I’ll use it.† He glared at her. He had shaggy hair and eyes that were already half-animal. â€Å"Is there anybody on the boats?† When he didn’t answer, she pressed the silver knife harder. â€Å"Is there?† He snarled a breathless â€Å"No.† His teeth were turning, too, spiking and lengthening. â€Å"Don’t change-† Rashel began, but at that moment he decided to throw her off. He heaved once, violently. A snap of her wrist would have plunged the silver blade into his throat even as she fell. Instead Rashel rolled backward in a somersault, tucking in her head and ending up on her right knee. Then, as the werewolf jumped at her, she slammed the sheathed knife upward against his jaw. He fell back unconscious. Too bad, I wanted to ask him about the client. Rashel looked shoreward, to see that Daphne, Annelise, and Nyala were on the pier with her. They were each holding a rock or a piece of wood broken from the jagged pilings of the wharf. They were going to help me, Rashel thought. She felt oddly warmed by it. â€Å"Okay,† she said rapidly. â€Å"Annelise and Keiko, with me. Everybody else, stay. Daphne, keep watch.† In a matter of minutes she and the boating girls had checked the boats and found two with features they thought they could handle†¦ and with fuel. Anne-lise had removed a couple of crucial engine pieces out of the others. â€Å"Took out the impellers and the solenoids,† she told Rashel mysteriously, holding out a grimy hand. â€Å"Good. Let’s set them adrift. Everybody else, get yourself on a boat. Find a place to sit fast and sit down.† Rashel moved to the back of the group where Fayth had her arms around a couple of the girls who looked scared of setting out on the dark ocean. â€Å"Come on, people.† She meant to herd them in front of her like chickens. That was when it happened. Rashel had an instant’s warning-the faint crunch of sand on rock behind her. And then something hit her with incredible force in the middle of the back. It knocked her down and sent her knife flying. Worse, it sent her mind reeling in shock. She hadn’t been prepared. That instant’s warning hadn’t been enough-because she had already lost zanshin. She no longer had the gift of continuing mind. She had lost her single purpose. In the old days she’d been fixed on one thing-to kill the Night People. There had been no hesitation, no confusion. But now†¦ she’d already faltered twice tonight, knocking the werewolves unconscious instead of killing them. She was confused, uncertain. And, as a result, unprepared. And now I’m dead, she thought. Her numbed mind was desperately trying to recover and come up with a strategy. But there was a wild snarling in her ear and a trail of hot pain down her back. Animal claws. There was a wolf on top of her. Rudi had gotten loose. Rashel gathered herself and bucked to throw the wolf off. He slipped and she tried to roll out from under him, arms up to keep her throat protected. The werewolf was too heavy-and too angry. He scrambled over her rolling body like a lumberjack on a log. His snarling muzzle kept darting for her throat in quick lunges. Rashel could see his bushy coat standing on end. She felt fire across her ribs-his claws had torn through her shirt. She ignored it. Her one thought was to keep him away from her throat. Keeping an elbow up, she reached for the knife with her other hand. No good. She hadn’t rolled far enough. Her fingertips just missed the hilt. And Rudi the wolf was right in her face. All she could see were sharp wet teeth, black gums, and blazing yellow eyes. Her face was misted with hot canine breath. Every snap of those jaws made a hollow glunk. Rashel only had one option left-to block each lunge as it came. But she couldn’t keep that up forever. She was already tiring. It’s over, she thought. The girls who might have helped her-Daphne and Nyala and Annelise were at the far end of the wharf or on the boats. The other girls were undoubtedly too scared even to try. Rashel was alone, and she was going to die very soon. My own stupid fault, she thought dimly. Her arms were shaking and bloodied. She was getting weaker fast. And the wolf knew. Even as she thought it, she missed a block. Her arm slipped sideways. Her throat was exposed. In slow motion she saw the jaws of the wolf opening wide, driving toward her. She saw the triumph in those yellow eyes. She knew, with a curious sense of resignation, that the next thing she would feel was teeth ripping through her flesh. The oldest way to die in the world. I’m sorry, Daphne, she thought. I’m sorry, Nyala. Please go and be safe. And then everything seemed to freeze. The wolf stopped in midlunge, head jerking backward. Its eyes were wide and fixed. Its jaws were open but not moving. It looked as if it might howl. But it didn’t. It collapsed in a hot quivering heap on top of Rashel, legs stiff. Rashel scrambled out from under it automatically. And saw her knife sticking out of the base of its skull. Quinn was standing above it. â€Å"Are you all right?† He was breathing quickly, but he looked calm. Moonlight shone on his black hair. The entire world was huge and quivering and oddly bright. Rashel still felt as if she were moving in slow motion. She stared at Quinn, then looked toward the wharf. Girls were scattered all over, as if frozen in the middle of running in different directions. Some were on the decks of the two remaining boats. Some were heading toward her. Daphne and Nyala were only fifteen feet away, but they were both staring at Quinn and seemed riveted in place. Nyala’s expression was one of horror, hate-and recognition. Waves hissed softly against the dock. Think. Now think, girl, Rashel told herself. She was in a state of the strangest and most expanded consciousness she’d ever felt. Her hands were icy cold and she seemed to be floating-but her mind was clear. Everything depended on how she handled the next few minutes. â€Å"Why did you do that?† she asked Quinn softly. At the same time she shot Daphne the fastest and the most intense look of her life. It meant Go now. She willed Daphne to understand. â€Å"You just lost a guard,† she went on, getting up slowly. Keep his eyes on you. Keep moving. Make him talk. â€Å"Not a very good one,† Quinn said, looking with fastidious disgust at the heap of fur. Go, Daphne, run, Rashel thought. She knew the girls still had a chance. There were no other vampires coming down the path. That meant that Rudi had either been too angry to give a general alarm or too scared. That was one good thing about werewolves-they acted on impulse. Quinn was the danger now. â€Å"Why not a good one?† she asked. â€Å"Because he damaged the merchandise?† She lifted her torn shirt away from her ribs. Quinn threw back his head and laughed. Something jerked in Rashel’s chest, but she used the moment to change her position. She was right by the wolf now, with her left hand at the exact level of the knife. â€Å"That’s right,† Quinn said. A wild and bitter smile still played around his lips. â€Å"He was presumptuous. You almost surrendered to the wrong darkness there, Shelly. By the way, where’d you get a silver knife?† He doesn’t know who I am, Rashel thought. She felt both relief and a strange underlying grief. He still thought she was some girl from the club- maybe a vampire hunter, but not the vampire hunter. The one he’d admitted was good. So he’s unprepared. He’s off his guard. If I can kill him with one stroke, before he calls to the other vampires, the girls may get away. She glanced at the wharf again, deliberately, hoping to draw his gaze. But he didn’t look behind him, and Daphne and the other stupid girls weren’t leaving. Refusing to go without her. Idiots! Now or never, Rashel thought. â€Å"Well, anyway,† she said, â€Å"I think you saved my life. Thank you.† Keeping her eyes down, she held out her hand. her right hand. Quinn looked surprised, then reached out automatically. With one smooth motion, like a snake uncoiling, Rashel attacked. Her right hand drove past his hand and clamped on his wrist. Her left hand plunged down to grab the knife. Her fingers closed on the hilt and pulled- and the sheath with its attached silver blade stayed in the werewolf’s neck. Just as she’d planned. The knife itself came free, the real knife, the one made of wood. And then Quinn tried to throw her and her body responded automatically. She was moving without conscious direction, anticipating his attacks and blocking them even as he started to make them. It transformed the fight into a dance. Faster than thought, graceful as a lioness, she countered every move he made. Zanshin to the max. She ended up straddling him with her knife at his throat. Now. Fast. End it. She didn’t move. You have to, she told herself. Quick, before he calls the others. Before he knocks you out telepathically. He can do it, you know that. Then why isn’t he trying? Quinn lay still, with the point of the wooden knife in the hollow of his throat, just where his dark collar parted. His throat was pale in the moonlight and his hair was black against the sand. Footsteps sounded behind Rashel. She heard rapid light breathing. â€Å"Daphne, take the boats and go now. Leave me here. Do you understand?† Rashel spoke every word distinctly. â€Å"But Rashel-â€Å" â€Å"Do it now!† Rashel put a force she hadn’t known she had behind the words. She heard the quick intake of Daphne’s breath, then footsteps scampering off. All the while, she hadn’t taken her eyes off Quinn. Like everything else, the green-black blade of her knife was touched with moonlight. It seemed to shimmer almost liquidly. Lignum vitae, the Wood of Life. It would be death for him. One thrust would put it through his throat. The next would stop his heart. â€Å"I’m sorry,† Rashel whispered. She was. She was truly sorry that this had to be done. But there was no way out. It was for Nyala, for all the girls he’d kidnapped and hunted and lured. It was to keep girls like them safe for the future. â€Å"You’re a hunter,† Rashel said softly, trying for steadiness. â€Å"So am I. We both understand. This is the way it goes. It’s kill or be killed. It all comes down to that in the end.† She paused to breathe. â€Å"Do you understand?† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"If I don’t stop you, you’ll be a danger forever. And I can’t let that happen. I can’t let you hurt anyone else.† She was aware that she was shaking her head slightly in her attempt to explain to him. Her lungs ached and there were tears in her eyes. â€Å"I can’t.† Quinn didn’t speak. His eyes were black and bottomless. His hair was slightly mussed on his forehead, but he didn’t show any other sign of just having been in a fight. He’s not going to struggle, Rashel realized. Then make it quick and merciful. No need for him to feel the pain of wood through his throat. She switched her grip on the knife, raising it over his chest. Holding it with both hands, poised above his heart. One swift downward stroke and it would be over. For the first time since she had killed a Night Person, she didn’t say what she always said. She wasn’t the Cat right now; this wasn’t revenge for her. It was necessity. â€Å"I’m sorry,† she whispered, and shut her eyes. He whispered, â€Å"This kitten has claws.† Rashel’s muscles locked. Her eyes opened. â€Å"Go on,† Quinn said. â€Å"Do it. You should have done it the first time.† His gaze was as steady as Fayth’s. She could see moonlight in his eyes. He didn’t look wild, or bitter, or mocking. He only looked serious and a little tired. â€Å"I should have realized it before-that you were the one in the cellar. I knew there was something about you. I just couldn’t figure out what. At least now I’ve seen your face.† Rashel’s arms wouldn’t come down. What was wrong with her? Her resolve was draining away. Her whole body was weak. She felt herself begin to tremble, and realized to her horror she couldn’t stop it. â€Å"Everything you said was true,† he said. â€Å"This is how it has to end.† â€Å"Yes.† Something had swollen in Rashel’s throat and it hurt. â€Å"The only other possibility is that I kill you. Better this way than that.† He looked exhausted suddenly-or sick. He turned his head and shut his eyes. â€Å"Yes,† Rashel said numbly. He believed that? â€Å"Besides, now that I have seen your face, I can’t stand the sight of myself in your eyes. I know what you think of me.† Rashel’s arms dropped. But limply. The blade pointed upward, between her own wrists. She sat there with her knuckles on his chest and stared at a scraggly wild raspberry bush growing out of the cliff. She had failed Nyala, and Nyala’s sister, and countless other people. Other humans. When it really counted, she was letting them all down. â€Å"I can’t kill you,† she whispered. â€Å"God help me, I can’t.† He shook his head once, eyes still shut. She was open to attack, but he didn’t do anything. Then he looked at her. â€Å"I told you before. You’re an idiot.† Rashel hit him under the jaw the way she’d hit the guard. The hilt of her dagger caught him squarely. He didn’t move to avoid the blow. It knocked him out cold. Rashel wiped her cheeks and got up, looking around for something to tie him with. Her whole life was torn to pieces, falling around her. She didn’t understand anything. All she could do was try to finish what she’d come here for. Action, that was what she needed. Thought could wait. It would have to wait. Then she glanced at the wharf. She couldn’t believe it. It seemed as if at least a week had passed since she yelled at Daphne, and they were all still here. The boats were here, the girls were here, and Daphne was running toward her. Rashel strode to meet her. She grabbed Daphne by the shoulders and shook hard. â€Å"Get-out-of-here! Do you understand? What do I have to do, throw you in the water?† Daphne’s eyes were huge and blue. Her blond hair flew like thistledown with the shaking. When Rashel stopped, she gasped, â€Å"But you can come with us now!† â€Å"No, I can’t! I still have things to do.† â€Å"Like what?† Then Daphne’s eyes darted to the cliff. She stared at Rashel. â€Å"You’re going after them? You’re crazy!† Looking frightened, she grabbed Rashel’s hands on her shoulders. â€Å"Rashel, there are supposed to be eight of them, right? Plus Lily and Ivan and who knows what else! You really think you can kill them all? What, are they all just going to line up?† â€Å"No. I don’t know. But I don’t need to kill them all. If I can get the guy who set this up, the client, it will be worth it.† Daphne was shaking her head, in tears. â€Å"It won’t be worth it! Not if they kill you-which they will. You’re already hurt-â€Å" â€Å"It’ll be worth it if I can stop him from doing this again,† Rashel said quietly. She couldn’t yell anymore. She didn’t have the strength. Her voice was quenched, but she held Daphne’s eyes. â€Å"Now get somebody to throw me some rope or something to tie these guys with. And then leave. No, give me five minutes to get to the top of the cliff. Six minutes. That way maybe I can surprise them before they realize you’re gone.† Daphne was crying steadily now. Before she could say anything, Rashel went on. â€Å"Daphne, any minute now they could realize that. Someone’s bound to check the cellar before midnight. Every second we stand here could make the difference. Please, please, don’t fight me anymore.† Daphne opened her mouth, then shut it. Her eyes were desolate. â€Å"Please try to take care of yourself,† she whispered. She let go of Rashel’s shoulders and hugged her hard. â€Å"We all know you’re doing it for us. I’m proud to be your friend.† Then she turned and ran, herding the others ^^ toward the boats. A moment later she threw Rashel two pieces of line. Rashel tied up Quinn first, then the werewolf. â€Å"Six minutes,† she said to Daphne. Daphne nodded, trying not to cry. Rashel wouldn’t say goodbye. She hated that. Even though she knew perfectly well that she was never going to see Daphne again. Without looking back, she loped up the hiking trail. How to cite Night World : The Chosen Chapter 13, Essay examples

Marijuanas history in the United States Essay Example

Marijuanas history in the United States Essay Marijuanas history in the United States dates back to its colonization. In fact many prominent historical American figures such as George Washington and Thomas Jefferson have grown marijuana on plantations. This was mostly for the plants fiber known as hemp. Although in Washingtons case there are suspicions of weather or not he was growing for personal use as well (Andrews p. 403). But even with our presidents growing pot it was still largely unknown as a drug of abuse until the early 1940s when it was becoming popular among famous jazz musicians such as Miles Davis, and Charlie Mingus, and due to the fact that most jazz musicians who were using marijuana in this time period were black, white America saw it as a low class black mans drug. (www. erowid. org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_timeline. php3). This led to white America launching what is known as the Reefer Madness campaign. A propaganda campaign built on lies and hearsay such as, marijuana smokers, or dope fiends as the Reefer Madness films referred to them, are deviant criminals who will murder you in the street for drug money (Andrews p. 229). The campaign seemed to be working during the 40s and 50s because marijuana was still largely unknown to middle America, but in the 60s marijuana use came back in a big way with young college students, hippies, and popular musicians (Earleywine p. 295). This led people to see the truth about marijuana. We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuanas history in the United States specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuanas history in the United States specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuanas history in the United States specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer That it is relatively harmless and can be used safely for recreation. Which brings us to today and the debate about whether or not marijuana should be legalized. Today in the United States Marijuana is classified as a DEA schedule I drug in all of its forms. A drug that is classified as DEA schedule I is a drug that has a high potential for abuse, has no accepted medial use in treatment in the united states, and has a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug under medical supervision. This federal scheduling was disputed in 1988 by judge Francis Young, an administrative law judge for the DEA, who recommended that marijuana be re-classified as schedule II on the grounds that if a respectable minority of doctors endorse it then it has a currently accepted medical use. (www. erowid. org/psychoactives/law). But even with the efforts of people like Judge Young, the United States is known for having fairly harsh marijuana penalties. In Britain marijuana is schedule I class B, and on July 10th 2002 was moved from class B to class C due to the British home secretary David Blunkett. Now in Britain simple possession is treated on a simple seize and warn basis. After making the decision to downgrade marijuanas scheduling Blunkett said that Cannabis is a potentially harmful drug and should remain illegal. However, it is not comparable with crack, heroin, or ecstasy. A greater differentiation between drugs which kill and drugs that cause harm is both scientifically justified and educationally sensible. (www. guardian. co. uk/drugs/story/0,2763,580507,00. html). Since this move towards decriminalization the United Kingdoms street crime numbers have been cut in half. The numbers of robberies and muggings in southern London have fallen nearly 50 percent. And in the Lambeth borough police reported 468 robberies and muggings in April as compared with the 916 last October (www. norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5309). Canada is another country that is making steps toward decriminalization. On September 4 2002 members of a special Senate committee unanimously urged Parliament to amend federal law to allow for the regulated use possession and distribution of marijuana for recreational use and medicinal purposes. The committee said in its 600 page report that Scientific evidence overwhelmingly indicates that cannabis is substantially less harmful than alcohol and should be treated not as a criminal issue but as a social and public health issue Whether or not an individual uses marijuana should be a personal choice that is not subject to criminal penalties. [Therefore,] we have come to the conclusion that, as a drug, it should be regulated by the state much as we do for wine and beer, hence our preference for legalization over decriminalization. (http://www. norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5405). The researchers believe that marijuana prohibition poses a greater risk to health that marijuana use. They said in their report that We believe that the continued prohibition of cannabis jeopardizes the health and well-being of Canadians much more then does the substance itself or the regulated market of the substance. In addition, we believe that the continued criminalization of cannabis undermines the fundamental values set out in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Canada has also seen a drop in serious crime as a result of lax marijuana enforcement over the past decade. So if decriminalizing pot in other countries has worked than why cant it work in the United States. Studies show that Marijuana is safer then cigarettes and alcohol (http://www. norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5405), and that decriminalization will allow law enforcement agencies to concentrate their efforts on more serious problems, and will generate more money for the economy. Studies show that the health issues that marijuana raises are actually less hazardous then cigarettes. Studies also show that marijuana is not a gateway drug, it does not lead to the commission of crime, and that users are not likely to become dependent. One study also showed that it is easier for underage teens to obtain pot then tobacco (http://www. norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5386) despite the fact that tobacco is targeted at adolescents (Shepard, Greene p. 213). This shows that our nations drug war is failing and that our resources need to be targeted elsewhere. Canadian justice minister agrees with this statement saying that If you look at the system [America] has in place, keeping marijuana criminal is not very efficient, police currently spend too much time and resources prosecuting marijuana offenders. (http://www. norml. org/index. cfm?Group_ID=5350). Legalizing marijuana would also have positive effects as well. A Nevada proposal to regulate and tax marijuana use by adults would raise an additional $28. 6 million in annual state revenue, according to a study by the Center for Business and Economic Research at the University of Nevada at Las Vegas (UNLV). The Center based its financial calculations by estimating that 75,000 people five percent of the states population would use an average of 12 grams of marijuana per month. The Center imposed the same tax rate on marijuana that already exists on tobacco products (http://www.norml. org/index. cfm? Group_ID=5439). In conclusion marijuana should be legalized in the United States for not only medicinal but recreational use as well. The evidence makes it obvious that marijuana is not dangerous and can make our country better if we legalize it. The appointees in the Shaffer commission knew it when they recommended the decriminalization of pot to President Nixon in 72 (www. erowid. org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_timeline. php3), Jimmy Carter knew it when he endorsed the decriminalization of marijuana in 77, and now you know it.